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Mitchell
June 27th, 2004, 08:14 PM
Hello Folks

This is the first of my tutorials. If I get a good response I will continue...If nobody cares, then I wont waste anymore of aj's bandwidth.

Let's begin

I'll start by defining DOF

Depth of field is the distance between the nearest and farthest part that appear in sharp focus .

A few factors have a role in the DOF

The aperture of the lens

The focal length of the lens

The Distance from the camera to the subject

APERTURE

In a camera lens there are blades which open when the shutter is depressed. The amount that these blades open, determine the amount of light hitting the film.

Apertures or F stops( as they are also referred to as) are however a bit confusing.

The SMALLER the number the MORE light hits the film.

As in diagram below notice the small number has the large opening where as the large(higher) number has the smallest opening

http://www3.sympatico.ca/mitchell.b/Tutorials/lens_aperture.gif

The "maximum" aperture refers to the smallest number as the smallest number is the biggest opening allowing the "maximum" light to hit the film.

The "minimum" aperture refers to the largest number.

Confused yet ...I was... LOL

lenses with really low numbers like 2.8 are called "fast" lens's as they can shoot in lower lighting situations.

So in a nutshell you will receive a very shallow depth of field when you shoot with an f stop of 2.8 as in this picture

http://www3.sympatico.ca/mitchell.b/Tutorials/zoo28.jpg

Notice how I have focused on the one zoo. Anything in that plane or zone will be in focus. Everything else is a blur. This is how I like to shoot. personal preference I guess but it does make your eye go to where I want it to go.

Here is a shot with an f stop of 11. Middle of the road for my lens

http://www3.sympatico.ca/mitchell.b/Tutorials/zoo11.jpg

That plane or acceptable zone of focus just got bigger

Now here is the last pic with the lens at F stop 32

http://www3.sympatico.ca/mitchell.b/Tutorials/zoo32.jpg

Pretty much everything is in focus.

The focal length of the lens


Depth of field also is reliant on the lens used.

Meaning a 28mm lens will have a much better depth of field than a 100mm lens .

The shorter focal length can capture more of the scene in focus than a longer focal length lens.

The above photographs were taken with a 90mm macro at
F stop 2.8, 11, 32.

Below is a series of pictures with a 28mm lens

at f4

http://www3.sympatico.ca/mitchell.b/Tutorials/zoo284.jpg

at f11

http://www3.sympatico.ca/mitchell.b/Tutorials/zoo2811.jpg

at f29

http://www3.sympatico.ca/mitchell.b/Tutorials/zoo2829.jpg

Now compare all three shots to the shots above with the longer lens. You can see that the shorter lens allows for more to be in acceptable focus. This is why shorter focal lengths are good for landscape photography.

The Distance from the camera to the subject

In my opinion, this factor is not really important as we are generally in close to the aquarium.

For those that want to know though, the rule is

The further you are away from the subject the zone of sharpness become greater in the foreground and background and usually even greater in the background.

SO

What does this all mean .

DOF is a matter of personal taste, I tend to go on the shallower end of things and sometimes too much.

Like the pipe fish I shot, I received critiques that MORE depth of field was required. Personally I like it the way it is. Like I said...personal taste.

So go out and shoot, try the different apertures on a still subject, record what aperture was used on each and make up your own mind.

I hope this was of SOME help. I know aperture can be confusing with the larger number smaller number thing but after time it will make sense.

here is a last pic...

VERY shallow DOF but I like it !!!

http://www3.sympatico.ca/mitchell.b/boardpics/IMG_3340.jpg

Mike
June 27th, 2004, 10:32 PM
Now that really explains a subject I was quite confused about, very, very well. If I had a camera that actually had settings, I'd be trying it out right now.... I hope you continue with these tutorials, and they get archived for future reference. Thank you very much.

Red-Sea
June 27th, 2004, 10:38 PM
Thanks Mitch for a very informative explanation on focus and dof as I'm very confused when it comes to photography, I just point & shoot and hope for the best.

Hopefully you'll give us some more insight on photo techniques down the road, thanks again and don't be shy to write up part two.:cheers:

MCDAVIES
June 27th, 2004, 10:50 PM
Great tutorial Mitch! Depth of field can be confusing...

Keep 'em coming! For those of us who love to take pics of our tank (but seem to have trouble getting good results), your knowledge is like gold!

A suggestion for your next topic...setting white balance!

Mark

Super*Nick
June 27th, 2004, 11:18 PM
Great tutorial Mitch

Thanks for the info, hope to read more tutorials.

I was hoping you could answer a couple of questions I had. I have a cheap digital camera(Fujifilm FinePix 2.0) and it has a couple of options in macro mode.

What is EV? it can be set from +1.5 to -1.5

whith balance- has the folowing options sun,sun with clowds,1,2,3 and a light bulb.
What is the difference and which settings would be best in your opinion for taking pics of my reef tank.

Thanks

Nick

ruuskystar
June 28th, 2004, 12:01 AM
ya i agree, good explanation of something that most people find confusing, i definitely think you should keep doing tutorials on something you obviously enjoy and are good at.

Mckitrick
June 28th, 2004, 12:16 AM
Nice info Mitch!

... camera geek.. :b

Mitchell
June 28th, 2004, 05:03 AM
well it's early and Im off to work

to answer a few ??

EV is exposure compensation

for WB the best would be IMHO a manual white balance, shade if your camera has it and then sun.

I will look into that specific camera when I get home

Aquadude
June 28th, 2004, 10:33 AM
Thanks for the pointers Mitch. Looking forward to more tutorials. I'd really like to be able to utilize my DRebel to it's fullest. Will you be doing a tutorial on lenses?

jastonataquapro
June 29th, 2004, 01:13 PM
awesome... even less time to spend with the wife :)

Lazer Bubble
July 1st, 2004, 05:06 PM
great tutorial mitch! Maybe we could hear about ways to take picture of moving fish.

Zerandise
July 25th, 2004, 09:39 PM
thanks much mitch!!!

It was great. as a person just getting into the art it was very helpful!

szesteve
August 15th, 2004, 12:29 AM
Mitchell,

I love your tutorial. You should really continue it.

Could you start a tutorial on shutter speeds and maybe combine using shutter speeds and apertures?

e.g. How to adjust shutter speed to take pics of moving fish or a person running etc.?

create_a_reef
August 19th, 2004, 10:37 PM
That helps out a lot. I still would trade frags for a few lessons though =)

Brent